Aero engine is one of the most core components of the aircraft, this is because of its relatively high technical requirements, manufacturing difficult components, it as an important power device during the flight of the aircraft, there are very high requirements for processing materials, requiring materials to have lightweight, high toughness, temperature resistance, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, etc., and the high-quality performance of superalloys makes it meet the requirements of aero-engine materials.

Superalloy materials can maintain good performance above 600 °C and under certain stress conditions. The emergence of high-temperature alloy materials is to meet the harsh requirements of modern aerospace equipment for materials, high-temperature alloys after years of material evolution, it has become an important material for aerospace equipment manufacturing hot end components, according to relevant reports, in the aero engine, its use accounts for almost half of the entire engine material.

In modern aero engines, the use of superalloy materials is relatively large, and many engine components are manufactured with superalloys, such as combustion chambers, guide blades, turbine blades and turbine disc receivers, ring parts, afterburner and tail nozzles and other components will use superalloy materials in production.

Application of superalloys in aero engines

With the continuous evolution of technology, the deepening of the field of exploration, and the continuous exploration of new rhenium-containing single crystal blades and new superalloys, new materials will add new strength to the future aerospace equipment manufacturing field

1. Research on rhenium-containing single crystal blades

Studies have shown that when the material of single crystal composition is processed, it is necessary to take into account the alloy performance and process performance, because the single crystal needs to be used in a more demanding environment, so in the material, some alloying elements with special effects are often added to improve the performance of the single crystal. With the development of single crystal alloys, the chemical composition of the alloy has changed, in the material, if it enters the platinum group elements (such as Re, Ru, Ir elements), it can increase the content of refractory elements W, Mo, Re, Ta, and increase the total amount of more difficult to dissolve elements, so that elements such as C, B, Hf and other elements can be changed from the state of "removed" to the state of "use"; Reduce the content of Cr. At the same time, the addition of more other alloying elements can make the material maintain the set stability in different material performance requirements.

The use of rhenium-containing single crystal blades can greatly improve their temperature resistance and enhance creep strength. Adding 3% rhenium to the single crystal alloy, and appropriately increasing the content of cobalt and molybdenum, can increase its temperature resistance temperature by 30 °C, and the durable strength and oxidation corrosion ability can also be in a relatively good balance, which will be conducive to the large-scale application of rhenium-containing single crystal blades in the aerospace field. In the future, it is a trend for aero-engine turbine blades to use rhenium-containing single crystal materials. Single crystal blades have obvious advantages in temperature resistance, thermal fatigue strength, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.

2. Research on new superalloys

There are many types of new superalloy materials, including powder superalloys, ODS alloys, intermetallic compounds and high-temperature metal self-lubricating materials.

Powder superalloy material:

It has the advantages of uniform structure, high yield degree and good fatigue performance.

Intermetallic compounds:

It can reduce the weight of components and improve performance, which is ideal for power propulsion systems.

ODS alloys have:

Excellent high temperature creep performance, high temperature oxidation resistance

High temperature metal-based self-lubricating materials:

It is mainly used to produce high-temperature self-lubricating bearings, so that the strength of the bearing is increased and the bearing capacity is strengthened.

As the application of superalloy hard pipe in aero engines becomes more and more widespread, the demand for it will continue to increase in the future aerospace field.